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These 2 factors can be combined into 8 possible blood types:

Each person also is either Rh-positive or Rh-negative (you either have Rh or you don’t).

Each person has an ABO blood type – either A, B, AB, or O – which means antigen A, antigen B, both antigens (type AB), or neither antigen (type O) is found on their blood cells.

The 2 most important antigens in blood typing are called A, B, O, and Rh. People have different blood types, which are based on substances called antigens on a person’s blood cells. When a person needs a blood transfusion, a blood sample is drawn from them and tested the same way.Īll blood has the same components, but not all blood is the same. The blood bag is labeled with the type of blood it contains. This is done when it’s taken from the donor and again once it’s received by the hospital lab. To be sure no mistakes are made, donated blood is carefully tested to find out what type it is. (See “Possible risks of blood transfusion.”)

This can cause a serious or even life-threatening transfusion reaction. If you get a transfusion that does not work with your blood type, your body’s immune system could fight the donated blood. Blood typesīlood types are important when it comes to transfusions. At that point, more blood tests must be done to find a donated blood component that closely matches the patient. If a transfusion is needed, it must be prescribed by a health care provider. Tests of clotting (coagulation) may also be done if abnormal bleeding is a problem. A CBC measures the levels of components within the blood such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The amount and part of the blood transfused depends on what the patient needs.įirst, blood tests such as a complete blood count (CBC) are done to find out if the patient’s symptoms are likely to be helped by a transfusion. A blood transfusion is given through tubing connected to a needle or fine tube (catheter) that’s in a vein.